Isifo sezinso yinkinga yezempilo yomhlaba wonke ethinta izigidi zabantu minyaka yonke. Izinso zakho ziyisitho esibalulekile esinesibopho sokuhlunga imfucuza noketshezi oluningi egazini lakho, ukulinganisa ama-electrolyte, ukulawula umfutho wegazi, nokukhiqiza amahomoni abalulekile. Lapho ukusebenza kwezinso kusengozini, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo. Lesi sihloko sizohlanganisa izinhlobo zesifo sezinso, izimpawu, izinyathelo zokuvimbela, ukudla okunconyiwe nokunqatshelwe, namakhambi asekhaya empilo engcono yezinso.
Izinhloba Zezifo Zezinso
Isifo sezinso siza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ngasinye sinezimbangela nezici eziyingqayizivele. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
- Isifo Sezinso Ezingapheli (CKD)
I-CKD yisimo sesikhathi eside esibonakala ngokuncipha kancane kancane kokusebenza kwezinso. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa izinkinga zempilo ezingaphansi njengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma ukuphazamiseka kofuzo. I-CKD iqhubekela phambili ngezigaba ezinhlanu, kanti iSigaba 5 siwukuhluleka kwezinso kwesigaba sokugcina.
- Ukulimala Okubi Kwezinso (AKI)
I-AKI ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwezinso kungazelelwe, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokulimala, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu, ukutheleleka, noma imithi ethile. Ngokungafani ne-CKD, i-AKI ngezinye izikhathi ingahlehliswa uma iphathwa ngokushesha.
- Isifo Sezinso Ze-Polycystic (PKD)
Lokhu kuphazamiseka kofuzo kubangela ukuthi ama-cysts akheke ezinso, kukhinyabeze ikhono lawo lokusebenza kahle. I-PKD ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Amatshe Ezinso (kidney stone)
Amatshe ezinso angama-mineral deposits aqinile akha ezinso futhi angabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuvaleka emgudwini womchamo. Nakuba kungesona isifo, amatshe ezinso aphindelelayo angalimaza izinso.
- Glomerulonephritis
Lesi simo sihilela ukuvuvukala kwe-glomeruli, izihlungi ezincane zezinso. Kungenzeka ngenxa yezifo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune, noma ezinye izimo zempilo ezingaphansi.
- Izifo Zomgudu Womchamo (UTIs)
Ama-UTI aphindaphindiwe noma angelashiwe angathinta izinso, okuholela ku-pyelonephritis (ukutheleleka kwezinso okukhulu) kanye nokulimala kwezinso okungenzeka.
Izimpawu Zesifo Sezinso
Izimpawu zesifo sezinso zingahluka kuye ngohlobo nobukhulu besimo. Izigaba zokuqala ze-CKD zingase zingavezi izimpawu eziphawulekayo, kodwa njengoba isifo siqhubeka, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zivele:
Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka
Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni, emaqakaleni, noma ezinyaweni (edema)
Izinguquko ekuchameni (imvamisa, umbala, noma umchamo onegwebu)
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
Ukulunywa okuqhubekayo
Ukuphelelwa umoya
Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
Amajaqamba emisipha
Ubunzima bokugxila
Ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, thintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ngokushesha ukuze uhlolwe futhi welashwe.
Ungasivimbela Kanjani Isifo Sezinso?
Ukuvimbela isifo sezinso kuhilela ukwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokulawula izici eziyingozi ngokuphumelelayo. Nawa amanye amasu okuvikela impilo yezinso zakho:
- Gcina Ukudla Okunempilo
Thatha ukudla okulinganiselayo okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, amaprotheni angenalutho, namafutha anempilo. Nciphisa ukudla kukasawoti noshukela ukuze kwehliswe ingozi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme nesifo sikashukela, izimbangela ezimbili ezinkulu zesifo sezinso.
- Hlala Unamanzi Emzimbeni
Phuza amanzi anele nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine izinso zakho zisebenza kahle. I-hydration efanele isiza ukuxubha ubuthi futhi ivimbele amatshe ezinso. Khomba izingilazi zamanzi ezingu-6-8 ngosuku, kodwa lungisa ngokusekelwe ezingeni lakho lomsebenzi kanye nesimo sezempilo.
- Lawula Ingcindezi Yegazi Noshukela Wegazi
Uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo sikashukela, sebenza nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze ulawule lezi zimo ngempumelelo. Ukuqapha njalo nokubambelela emithini enqunyiwe kungavimbela ukulimala kwezinso.
- Zivocavoce Njalo
Zibandakanye emsebenzini womzimba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 izinsuku eziningi zeviki. Ukuzivocavoca kusiza ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, kunciphisa ukucindezeleka, futhi kuthuthukisa impilo yezinso iyonke.
- Gwema Ukusetshenziswa Ngokweqile Kwemithi
Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidambisi zobuhlungu ezitholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta njenge-ibuprofen ne-aspirin, njengoba ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungalimaza izinso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Gwema Ukubhema Nokusebenzisa Utshwala Ngokweqile
Kokubili ukubhema notshwala kungakhinyabeza ukusebenza kwezinso futhi kubhebhethekise izimo zempilo ezingaphansi.
- Thola Ukuhlola Okuvamile
Hlela ukuhlolwa kwezempilo okujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi uma unezici eziyingozi njengomlando womndeni wesifo sezinso, isifo sikashukela, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekuphathweni ngempumelelo.
Ukudla Okumele Ukudle Ukuze Izinso Zakho Zihlale Ziphilile
Ukudla okuthile kusekela impilo yezinso ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, nokuhlinzeka ngemisoco ebalulekile. Nazi ezinye izinketho ezilungele izinso:
- Izithelo
Ama-aphula: Iphezulu ku-fiber kanye nama-antioxidants.
Amajikijolo (amajikijolo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-strawberry, ama-raspberries): Acebile kuma-antioxidants kanye ne-potassium ephansi.
Uphayinaphu: Enye indlela ene-potassium ephansi kunobhanana.
- Imifino
Ukholifulawa: Igcwele amavithamini C no-K.
I-Bell Peppers: I-potassium ephansi futhi iphezulu kuma-antioxidants.
I-garlic: Inciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi isekela impilo yenhliziyo.
- Amaprotheni
I-Egg Whites: Umthombo wamaprotheni wekhwalithi ephezulu ophansi ku-phosphorus.
Inhlanzi (njenge-salmon ne-tuna): Iphezulu ku-omega-3 fatty acids.
Inkukhu Engenasikhumba: Inketho yamaprotheni amancane.
- Wonke Amagilebhisi
Ama-oats: Umthombo onempilo we-fiber.
Ilayisi Elinsundu (ngokulinganisela): Lihlinzeka ngemisoco ebalulekile.
- Amafutha Anempilo
Amafutha Omnqumo: Isekela impilo yenhliziyo nezinso.
Amafutha Kakotapheya: Aphansi ngamafutha agcwele futhi aphezulu ngamafutha e-monounsaturated.
- Amakhambi Nezinongo
Sebenzisa amakhambi afana ne-parsley, i-cilantro, ne-turmeric esikhundleni sikasawoti ukuze unambithe ukudla kwakho kuyilapho usekela ukusebenza kwezinso.
Ukudla Okufanele Ukugweme
Okunye ukudla kungacindezela izinso noma kwenze izimo zezinso ezikhona zibe zimbi kakhulu. Khumbisa noma ugweme okulandelayo:
- Ukudla Okuphezulu Kwesodium
Ukudla okugayiwe (ama-chips, amasobho asemathinini, nokudla okusheshayo)
Amantongomane anosawoti kanye nokudla okulula
Imifino efakwe emanzini anosawoti
- I-High-Potassium Foods (yabantu abanesifo sezinso)
Ubhanana
Amazambane
Amawolintshi kanye nejusi yewolintshi
- Ukudla OkunePhosphorus Ephezulu
Imikhiqizo yobisi (ushizi, ubisi, neyogathi)
Inyama egayiwe
I-Cola namasoda amnyama
- Ukudla Kwamaprotheni Aphezulu (kweziguli ezithuthukile ze-CKD)
Ukudla kwamaprotheni ngokweqile kungacindezela izinso, ngakho ukulinganisela kubalulekile.
- Ukudla Okunoshukela Namafutha
Amaswidi nama-dessert
Ukudla okuthosiwe
Amafutha e-Trans namafutha e-hydrogenated
Izixazululo Zasekhaya Zezempilo Yezinso
Ngaphezu kokwelashwa, amanye amakhambi emvelo angase asekele ukusebenza kwezinso. Nokho, thintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuzama lawa makhambi:
- Amanzi Kalamula
Ukuphuza amanzi kalamula kungasiza ekuvimbeleni amatshe ezinso ngokwandisa amazinga e-citrate emchameni nokukhipha ubuthi.
- Parsley Juice
I-Parsley isebenza njenge-diuretic yemvelo, ekhuthaza ukuchama nokukhipha ubuthi.
- I-Apple Cider Vinegar
Hlanganisa isipuni esisodwa kuya kwezimbili zikaviniga we-apula cider emanzini ukusiza ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwamatshe ezinso.
- Itiye le-Ginger
I-Ginger inezinto zokulwa nokuvuvukala ezinganciphisa ukungakhululeki okuhlobene nezinso.
- Ubisi lwe-Turmeric
I-Turmeric iqukethe i-curcumin, inhlanganisela elwa nokuvuvukala esekela impilo yezinso iyonke.
- I-Cranberry Juice
Ijusi ye-cranberry engenashukela isiza ukuvimbela izifo ze-urinary tract, ezingaba nomthelela empilweni yezinso.
- Ikhabe ( Water Melon)
Ikhabe likhipha amanzi futhi liqukethe izinhlanganisela ezinganciphisa ukuvuvukala kwezinso.
Isiphetho
Isifo sezinso yisimo esibucayi esidinga ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokuphathwa ngokushesha. Ukuqonda izinhlobo zesifo sezinso, ukubona izimpawu, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela, nokwenza izinguquko zokudla kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezinkinga ezihlobene nezinso. Nakuba amakhambi asekhaya angahambisana nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, hlala uthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuze uthole iseluleko somuntu siqu nokwelashwa. Ngokubeka phambili impilo yezinso, ungathuthukisa inhlalakahle yakho yonke futhi ugcine izinga eliphezulu lempilo.